It is just a matter of building the infrastructure to convert it.
This is why I recommend everyone read the Hirsch report. Hirsch acknowledges that US has a huge coal reserve, and that the technology to liquefy it exists. However, the scale of such a project is huge.
Here are some numbers to consider. We consumed 7.593 billion barrels of crude oil in 2005. When peak oil hits the experts are looking at a decline rate of 3-7%. Taking the mid number, 5%, you are going to be short about 1 billion barrels per year in by the third year of the peak oil event. Why three years? Well read this excerpt from the Hirsch report concerning the construction of CTL plants in South Africa:
The South Africans took three years to build one coal to liquid plant that produces 100,000 bpd. This was without worrying about permitting, with experts and construction personal on hand, and with expertise from just building a similar facility. Now to make up our shortfall of 1 billion barrels per year in the third year after peak oil we would need 28 similar facilities, just to keep liquid fuels at 2005 levels. Even with a crash effort could we complete a project of this magnitude?While the first two Sasol coal liquids production plants were built under normal business conditions, the Sasol Three facility was designed and constructed on a crash basis in response to the Iranian revolution of 1978-79. The project was completed in just over three years after the decision to proceed. Sasol Three was essentially a duplicate of Sasol Two on the same site using a large cadre of experienced personnel. Sasol Three was brought “up to speed almost immediately.
The Sasol Three example represents the lower bound on what might be accomplished in a twenty-first century crash program to build coal liquefaction plants. This is because the South African government made a quick decision to replicate an existing plant on an existing, coal mine-mouth site without the delays associated with site selection, environmental reviews, public comment periods, etc. In addition, engineering and construction personnel were readily available, and there were a number of manufacturers capable of providing the required heavy process vessels, pumps, and other auxiliary equipment. While we have not done a survey of worldwide capabilities to perform similar tasks today, it is our belief that such capabilities are now in much shorter supply – a situation that will worsen dramatically with the advent of a worldwide crash program to build alternate fuels plants. We have therefore attempted to strike a balance between what we believe could be a somewhat slow startup of a worldwide coal liquefaction industry and a later speed up as experience is gained and new plants are built as essentially duplicates of previous plants.
Sure this is a simplistic example, there will be other sources of energy plus conservation to mitigate peak oil. But these other solutions face many of the same issues. Any solution we might use will take years to ramp up in a period where our economy will be damaged by very expensive energy costs. Hopefully this helps explain why peak oil people are so worried.
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