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Question for those of you who fly in or out JFK

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atcloser

Well-known member
Joined
Feb 20, 2004
Posts
91
I'm an air traffic controller at NY TRACON assigned to the JFK sector. I've posted in the past about how our traffic at JFK has steadily increased over the past year, and we are now at a point where we are holding aircraft on day shifts (not seen in many many years as JFK was notoriuous for being dead in the morning for arrivals) and our finals are completely full for the entire night shift.

I'd like to pose a question for anyone who is either based at JFK or flies into JFK on a routine basis. Many of us in the sector use visual approaches to expedite traffic and avoid putting you all in a hold at Camrn or Lendy. When I say visual approach, I am speaking of getting you to following the proceeding traffic visually and mainting your own separation on final. For instance:

Controller: "Jetblue 171 you are following a heavy B747 at 11 oclock, 5 miles at 2000 feet"
Pilot: "In sight"
Contoller: "Jetblue 171, follow the heavy 747, caution wake turb, cleared visual approach 31R"

Using this method for working the final allows for two things, 1) expedites traffic as the pilot will most of the time follow the preceding aircraft with minimum seperation and 2) allows the controller not to have to worry about providing 3,4, or 5 miles to the runway threshold thereby allowing excessive spacing on the final the be held to a minimum. Note, the FAA has been cracking down severly on lost seperation on finals, suspending and firing controllers who have had 4.98 miles when they needed 5 miles behind a heavy. That is one reason you may find yourself 7 nm in trail of a heavy or 5 in trail of an A320 these days, all while doing 160 knots.

Let me also say that using this method keeps the base leg in much closer to the airports and allows aircraft to fly at faster speeds as the controller keeps altitutde separation in anticipation the pilot will see the proceeding aircraft. Aircraft at similar speeds can thus be aimed toward each other with 1000 feet of altitude separation and thus the flow keeps moving toward the airport instead of away from it.

Now for my question. Do you pilots mind following the proceeding aircraft on a visual approach? Does it cause you any more workload? Would you rather ATC just put everyone on an ILS and build in an extra mile or two on the finals, but in turn, cause delays, excessive vectoring over the ocean, or holding? What are some things that ATC could do differently to make this work better for you?

After reading that 25 of the 50 most delayed flights in the country started or ended at JFK, I would like to be able to put my two cents into fixing the problem. Any comments, even negative ones, would be appreciated.

Thanks.
 
After reading that 25 of the 50 most delayed flights in the country started or ended at JFK, I would like to be able to put my two cents into fixing the problem. Any comments, even negative ones, would be appreciated.

Thanks.
I fly to JFK quite a bit on my way to upstate. It has gotten as bad as ATL, even in the morning. Usually a 30-45 minute wait to TO. B6 and DL have maxed the place out.

Don't know anything about traffic control, but I would think when the winds are soft enough they could get more use out of 4L & 4R for departures.

:pimp:​
 
I fly in and out of JFK regularly and I try to accept the visual any time that I can. I thought it helped and and wanted to do all that I could to help with the spacing problems. I also try to call airport in sight as early as possible for the same reason. If we can safely maintain our own spacing and just go direct to final visually, it is certainly preferable to going out for a long final.

By the way, how has Delta's introduction of the Dash's impacted the traffic flow?
 
atcloser... great questions.

You'll come across all sorts of answers for the visuals. I try to take a visual whenever I can, but have flown with Captains that won't take a visual if they don't have to.

About the only thing that makes me uneasy is trying to space myself 5 miles behind a heavy without asistance from ATC. I can roll in on anything and space myself 2 or 3 miles behind. But when I try to roll in on a heavy, I'm more likely to wind up 7 miles behind it instead of 5.
 
It's certainly easier for a Dash 8 (or any turboprop) to be stabilized by 1000' AGL on final than a typical turbojet. I'm not saying it's not possible for a turbojet to accept a visual approach and be stable by 1000'; it's just a little more work.

Following a heavy (or a 757) in a -320 on glidepath will typically be preceded by flying through their wake sometime before becoming established on localizer and glidepath. Whether or not a flight crew wishes to get bumped around (it's worse on a rather calm winds day) is up to them. One could fly "a dot high" on the glideslope, but it takes more work in the -320. Hard to believe (hah hah) but some pilots are lazy.

As another asked, how is the Dash 8 affecting your operation?
 
I love accepting visual separation if it helps out. "Visual" in this case meaning the aircraft is in sight and also on the TCAS, for wagging the separation on final. As long as speeds are somewhat compatible, it's not a problem. One real problem is when you're cruising in behind a heavy and the guy ahead throws the anchor out before the FAF and you suddenly have an 80 kt overtake. Oops. Another is when you're maybe 2 1/2 in trail of an RJ and the guy misses his turnoff. You're now at 500 ft, maybe 45 seconds from the numbers and he's at taxi speed trying to find an exit. It happens.

Ditto on the Dash-8 question. They are terrific aircraft but I'm concerned that they are perhaps not blending in well.

Just FYI, things might get a little more complicated for you in a couple of weeks. At that time, JetBlue ops will specify that the aircraft must be stabilized at 1000 ft on final under all conditions, or a go-around is mandatory. Before you could go as low as 500 ft in day VMC conditions before becoming fully stabilized (we're talking airspeed here mostly - glidepath and configuration are set up earlier). This means perhaps slowing earlier than you're used to under day VMC. But at least it'll be consistent, which I suppose is the point.
 
Accepting the visual is not a problem. I was based out of LGA for years and those folks know how to move volume, their whole world revolves around accepting the visual. With that being said they don't deal in nearly as many heavies as you folks do.

In general the pilots I have flown with will take the visual if they have the traffic in sight. What PO's most of us is when the visual is forced upon us. Many a time I have been asked, "do you have the traffic" and I say, "no", then the controller will ask, "do you have the field" and I say"yes" the next words out of his mouth are, "cleared for the visual". All you did was PO me and now I am dragging the aircraft in at the slowest speed I can because I am now looking for an aircraft that I don't see. What most controllers don't realize is they may have solved one problem (separation with me and the aircraft in front of me) but they have just created another (separation with the guy behind me and me).

The other thing to mention is always tell us what type of aircraft we are following. If you tell me Jetblue 123 I know its a 320 or smaller but if you tell me American 123, I am not sure what it is.

Another tip is if you want some to readily accept the visual. Put the traffic in front of them at a lower alt. If you clear a heavy for the ILS and he is at 2000, then offer me the visual at 3000, not 2000. At 3000 I can stay above his wake the entire approach. At 2000 I am concerned about his wake. It's not that a big deal to fly a 1 dot high on GS, especially with the length of JFK's rwys.

Do many folks keep up the speed (above 250K below 10,000) when the are arriving from the South (more then 12 miles off shore, outside the ADIZ) or is it the case of them slowing to 250k out of habit?
 
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For a pilot to see traffic there needs to be relative motion. Once you are lined up behind each other it is very difficult to see the other aircraft. I can't explain why it is sometimes almost imposible to see traffic pointed out by ATC and seen on TCAS. I will always call the traffic as soon as I see it.
 
I love accepting visual separation if it helps out. "Visual" in this case meaning the aircraft is in sight and also on the TCAS, for wagging the separation on final. As long as speeds are somewhat compatible, it's not a problem. One real problem is when you're cruising in behind a heavy and the guy ahead throws the anchor out before the FAF and you suddenly have an 80 kt overtake. Oops. Another is when you're maybe 2 1/2 in trail of an RJ and the guy misses his turnoff. You're now at 500 ft, maybe 45 seconds from the numbers and he's at taxi speed trying to find an exit. It happens.

Ditto on the Dash-8 question. They are terrific aircraft but I'm concerned that they are perhaps not blending in well.

Just FYI, things might get a little more complicated for you in a couple of weeks. At that time, JetBlue ops will specify that the aircraft must be stabilized at 1000 ft on final under all conditions, or a go-around is mandatory. Before you could go as low as 500 ft in day VMC conditions before becoming fully stabilized (we're talking airspeed here mostly - glidepath and configuration are set up earlier). This means perhaps slowing earlier than you're used to under day VMC. But at least it'll be consistent, which I suppose is the point.

Blue:

Good points...I might add that its just as rough behind a heavy who slowed too much to make the left turn off 31R, or has rolled all the way to the end.
Either way, trying to accept the visual when possible is always nice to help expedite...When the weather is MVFR, forget it. Also, I have noticed that there are more holding delays on VFR days than usual!

737
 

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