Where is the room for any sort of debate? The language of the regulation is clear, and this has been discussed here before.
A discussion has developed about this, so I'm hoping to get it fresh eyes:
In simple terms, can a regional FO without their ATP or a PIC type use their right seat time to meet the 250 hour PIC requirement of the ATP?
You're asking the wrong question. There is no PIC requirement. It's an either/or requirement, and one does not need 250 hours of PIC experience in airplanes...just 250 hours performing the duties of PIC. It's that simple. The regulation states as much in clear, concise, plain English. How can this be difficult to understand?
14 CFR 61.159(a)(4) states:
(4) 250 hours of flight time in an airplane as a pilot in command, or as second in command performing the duties of pilot in command while under the supervision of a pilot in command, or any combination thereof, which includes at least—
(i) 100 hours of cross-country flight time; and
(ii) 25 hours of night flight time.
This isn't a matter of requiring 250 hours of PIC time, but specifically requiring 250 hours of PIC or SIC time in airplanes. The salient point of this requirement is to have 250 hours of experience in the category of aircraft involved, namely, airplanes. It may be PIC or SIC, performing the duties of PIC. This time does not have to be pilot in command time, or logged as pilot in command time. One does not need to have "signed for the airplane" as this is meaningless and irrelevant in the face of the regulation.
The question is, just b/c a SIC does one maneuver in the sim (or airplane) during a PC "while executing the duties of PIC", does that mean that a SIC is always "performing the duties of PIC" whenever they are @ flying, just when they're the pilot flying, or never? Can a SIC with a FAA pilot's license limiting them to SIC privileges only in a plane log PIC in the plane?
You say "the question is," but none of the questions you then pose are the same as the question with which you start the thread. So let's work backward. First you're confusing issues of of logging flight time, with acting as PIC or SIC.
In order to log PIC, one must be qualified in the airplane, which includes category (airplane, for example), class (multi engine land), and type rating. If one only holds a SIC type, one cannot use it to log PIC time, as sole manipulator or any other way. One cannot be pilot in command, one cannot log pilot in command, one is not qualified to do either one. Therefore, the answer to your last question from the above paragraph is no...one may not hold a SIC-type only, and log PIC. Again, the regulation is very clear on the matter.
To move to your next question, which is three separate questions, one is performing the duties of PIC when they're flying the airplane and performing the duties of PIC. They need not be maneuvering the airplane on one engine during that time. The only requirement is that the time be PIC or SIC performing the duties of pilot in command under supervision. No specific reference is given to maneuvers that must be performed during this time, and indeed there is no requirement for specific maneuvers during this time. This includes engine-out maneuvering. Where do you think you find such a requirement?
I've been told that FAR 61.55.b.2.ii will allow you to log SIC towards this 250 hour PIC requirement, b/c it says "Engine-out procedures and maneuvering with an engine out while executing the duties of pilot in command" is one of the requirements of a SIC annual check (a PT or PC).
You've been told? Don't you read the regulation?
61.55 isn't about logging flight time. It's about acting as SIC, and establishes the requirements to do so. It is, therefore, irrelevant. 61.55 doesn't authorize you to log time, or establish any basis for meeting the requirement of 61.159. It's a separate regulation. If you intend to stand upon 61.55(b)(2)(ii) to establish "performing the duties of PIC," then do you intend to do 250 hours of engine failures? Of course not...which makes it a ridiculous association with 61.159.
61.51(f) governs the logging of SIC time, and is also very clear.
(f) Logging second-in-command flight time. A person may log second-in-command time only for that flight time during which that person:
(1) Is qualified in accordance with the second-in-command requirements of §61.55 of this part, and occupies a crewmember station in an aircraft that requires more than one pilot by the aircraft's type certificate; or
(2) Holds the appropriate category, class, and instrument rating (if an instrument rating is required for the flight) for the aircraft being flown, and more than one pilot is required under the type certification of the aircraft or the regulations under which the flight is being conducted.
This regulation establishes the requirements and qualification for logging SIC time. It does not address the issue of performing the duties of PIC, nor are these germane to the issue of logging SIC.
So, to answer your question, "
just b/c a SIC does one maneuver in the sim (or airplane) during a PC "while executing the duties of PIC", does that mean that a SIC is always "performing the duties of PIC" whenever they are @ flying, " the answer is no. The question is somewhat non-seqitor, and is somewhat like asking if because a boy was once sick, will he always cough? The proper response is "Huh? What are you talking about?"
What one did in the simulator is irrelevant. Either one is SIC qualified or one is not. This has no bearing on whether one spends the next 250 hours performing the duties of PIC, or not.
You may be confusing the separate and distinct concepts of logging flight time, acting as pilot in command, and performing the duties of pilot in command.
Acting as pilot in command is the legal act of taking upon one's self the full responsibility for the safe outcome of the flight It is taking upon one's self the final and ultimate authority with respect to the operation and successful conclusion of the flight.
Logging flight time is writing down a record of one's pilot time down on paper, or entering it in a database. Logging PIC time does not imply that one has acted as PIC. One may be other than the PIC, and still log the time as PIC, legally. One may be the acting PIC, yet not be entitled to log PIC, under certain circumstances. Logging flight time is not the same as acting as PIC; it's simply making a record, and is governed by different regulations than those governing serving as PIC. Logging PIC and acting as PIC are entirely different subjects.
Performing the duties of PIC is neither acting as PIC, nor logging PIC. Performing duties of is exactly as it sounds; it's the act of doing. It's doing what the PIC does, and does not imply, suggest, or touch on any requirement or possibility of acting as PIC.
A pilot in command may perform the duties of pilot in command, and log pilot in command.
A SIC may perform the duties of PIC, but may not log PIC (unless qualified), and is not the acting pilot in command.
This is the purpose of the regulation, and it's not the only place in the regulation where performing PIC duties under supervision is found.
The real mystery, then, is what could possibly be your confusion, or the source thereof?
