The fact that over $6 million was awarded would likely take this out of the category of "frivolous"--a term which has distinct legal meaning, but which is thrown about indiscriminately when the word "unsuccessful" would just do just as well. The $41,000 is apparently the amount now claimed as costs by the prevailing party, but is not a sanctions award for a frivolous suit. We don't know all of the facts or all of the legal niceties here. Having said that, and based on the info available here, a couple of observations: usually when a judgment is reversed on appeal, after a trial, the remedy is a new trial. However, I suppose the cost bill for the first trial can still be out there. We don't know exactly what issues were addressed on appeal. If enough of the original case remains intact, there could still be settlement potential based on the range of outcomes possible in the new trial. On the extremely limited facts available here, another observation: fuel contamination would be a more plausible, it would seem, cause of action against the fuel provider (here, the city?) than fuel exhaustion which, as we all know, is a PIC thing. Insurance limits are discoverable long before trial and are often a factor in evaluating whether to (settle or) go to trial. It is NOT always the attorney who pushes for trial--somtimes, it is the client.