Thursday, March 25, 2004
Like priority lanes on highways, special expressways in the sky are being created to route planes around crowded airspace and severe weather to reduce flight delays, the Federal Aviation Administration announced Wednesday.
The plan is aimed at reducing delays as air travel is expected to rebound this summer to levels last seen in 2000 and 2001 before the Sept. 11 attacks.
To open up paths in congested skies, the airlines have agreed to accept more brief delays and to reroute flights to keep the air-traffic system running as smoothly as possible, said FAA Administrator Marion Blakey.
"It's not just a question of redistributing the pain; it's lessening the pain for everyone," she said at the agency's command center outside Washington.
Blakey cautioned that the new measures, which require the FAA and the airlines to go further than ever in taking a systemwide approach when problems arise, represent only part of the solution, along with new technology and more runways at airports that have become choke points.
Transportation Secretary Norman Mineta said Wednesday that he is prepared to act forcefully to correct airline over-scheduling if the new changes fail to fix the problem. He spoke in front of a movie screen-size monitor at the command center that showed mounting congestion near O'Hare International Airport because of passing storms.
Mineta and Blakey negotiated with American Airlines and United Airlines to cut their flights by 5 percent during peak hours at O'Hare this month through September. Blakey said it is too early to determine whether the cuts--63 flights out of more than 2,800 a day at the airport--were deep enough.
O'Hare ranks last in on-time performance among the largest U.S. airports, and the congestion in Chicago has a domino effect across the nation.
Air-traffic controllers said that having the equivalent of high-occupancy vehicle lanes in the sky would ease congestion during peak hours as long as flight routes remain clear. But they doubt the express lanes would have much impact during bad weather.
"If we are surrounded by thunderstorms, planes are not going to fly into that weather under any circumstances. So our airspace shrinks," said Raymond Gibbons, president of the controllers union at the FAA radar site in Elgin, Ill., which handles aircraft in the Chicago region.
"We will still be prisoners of where the weather is," Gibbons said. "You can't go to Washington, D.C., by way of Los Angeles."
How changes will work
As flight delays begin to grow at an airport, aircraft will be given priority to depart--the equivalent of a longer green traffic light. Air-traffic controllers, meanwhile, will implement short delays for planes taking off from other selected airports to minimize the overall impact on the air-traffic system, said Jack Kies, operations director at the command center.
Kies said the changes are "more in all of our best interests than just having one airport take the hit exclusively. If we apply the concept systemically, we'll get our paybacks."
The large screens at the command center Wednesday displayed an intensifying line of thunderstorms passing over the Midwest, leaving few gaps of calm air for aircraft flying to O'Hare from the Northeast. The tops of the storm clouds exceeded 50,000 feet, making it impossible for planes to fly above the turbulent weather and difficult to fly around it as the storm system got organized.
The result was fewer planes permitted to arrive at O'Hare each hour, and outbound flights from Chicago being delayed.
The new plan calls for the airlines to take brief delays--10 to 15 minutes--for O'Hare-bound flights so that aircraft leaving O'Hare would face less congestion in the sky, said FAA Deputy Associate Administrator Peter Challen.
City officials see little help
Chicago Department of Aviation officials said they haven't observed improvements at O'Hare since the new program was activated on Monday.
"This morning and again this evening, there were 30- to- 60-minute delays because of poor visibility. We have had delays off and on all day," department spokeswoman Monique Bond said Wednesday.
The express lanes are among several new air-traffic tools to ward off summer gridlock.
Blakey also said the FAA is counting on airlines to decide on cancellations and reroute aircraft more quickly when bad weather is forecast, and to pass along accurate information to the agency before delays become major disruptions.
"We are putting everything on the table. All our cards are going to be face up," she said.