Page 3 of the Flight Instructor PTS lists all the references from which the Checkride test standards are based on. They are:
CFR part 61
CFR part 91
CFR part 97
NTSB part 830
*AC 00-2 Advisory Circular Checklist
AC 00-6 Aviation Weather
AC 00-45 Aviation Weather Services
AC 61-23 Pilots Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge (FAA-H-8083-25)
*AC 61-65 Certification: Pilots and Instructors
*AC 61-67 Stall Spin Awareness Training
*AC 61-84 Role of Preflight Preparation
*AC 61-94 Pilot Transition Course for Self Launching or Powered Sailplanes
*AC 61-48 Pilots Role in Collision Avoidance
*AC 91-13 Cold Weather Operation of Aircraft
FAA-H-8083-1 Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
FAA-H-8083-3 Airplane Flying Handbook
FAA-H-8083-9 Aviation Instructors Handbook
FAA-S-8081-4 Instrument PTS
FAA-S-8081-12 Commercial Pilot PTS
FAA-S-8081-14 Private Pilot PTS
FAA-H-8083-13 Instrument Flying Handbook
FAA/ASY-20 95/001 Airport MArkings, Signs, and Selected Surface Lighting
AIM
IAPs
DPs
STARs
A/FD
NOTAMS
POH/AFM
If it ain't in them, you don't need to know it
(* the ones with an asterisk are downloadable, the rest are books to buy)
Also, try
www.Marvgolden.com if you are shopping on the web.