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Emergency Descents

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No arguement, Mar. But we're not talking about the nicities of the traffic pattern. We're talking about having an emergency and getting on the ground right now...vs. getting to a runway with crash rescue, or close to shore...etc. Chances are that had each of those aircraft simply put themselves on the ground directly underneath the point where the emergencies first occured, or were recognized, they wouldn't have fared any better.

Radial engines are unique in certain aspects, in that fires can start which cannot be put out. That's typically true of most oil fires. Bust a governor base, rupture an oil return line, punch a hole in the case or lift a jug and shed oil to the collector, and you may have a fire that can't be extinguished. A really hot one, and not one with a few pints of fluid, but 50 gallons or more. Certainly something to be considered serious.

You can certainly understand, however, the potential ramifications for getting your DC-6 stopped in the terrain you typically overfly, vs. getting to help. You're also in situations personally where help may be hours, days, or weeks away...something not generally experienced in the lower 48. In many cases, there really is nowhere for you to go. The same may apply to a transoceanic operation.

Still, the fact remains that to get down, one has a certain amount of time. One can use that time getting to a spot directly beneath the airplane (seldom a wise choice), or one may point the airplane in the direction of help and get there.

The basic rule of thumb on a burn (and this is very general) is that it doubles in size every minute. That's with no intervention. Alter the burn conditions and the rule is changed. Cut off fuel, alter airflow, etc, then the rules change.

While it's dramatic to think that a fire could become unmanagable in 15 minutes, it's also realistic...but it's also worth remembering that in many such cases, the outcome would have been the same no matter what course of action was taken. Therefore, in such situations, there's no value in pointing to the event as a need to do something different than they did...if nothing would have saved them (and chances are, nothing would), then we can only look at the best options for the next time around. In virtually all cases, the best option is getting close to help.

One needn't fly a traffic pattern; one might land downwind straight in. One might even belly in short of the runway, being closer to crash rescue than one would have been before...but anything that can be done to enhance survivability and a successful outcome is important, and necesary. It's just that very seldom is that "anything" an emergency descent to a forced landing.

Pilots have had it drilled into them time and time again, and in most cases, it's unwarranted and wrong, and based not in reality.

When looking at examples of hot wings going bad fast, look at the transcripts for the last Shuttle failure. A rather extreme example...but there's not a darn thing they could have done to mitigate that, including trying to get down any faster. It really wouldn't have mattered what they did. In such a case, the crew actions become a mute point; the outcome was decided in many of these cases long before the crew took action.

The situations to which I refer assume that the crew still has a fighting chance.
 
I gotcha now

I understand your point better now.

You're saying if you're on fire the first thing you should do is point the airplane towards the best chance of having CFR...rather than just dive for the ground and crash there anyway.

It's a good point.

It reminds me of a story I heard when I first got out to the bush.

A new pilot gets caught outside the Class Echo surface area in the fog and freezing rain. He's icing up pretty bad but the tower isn't reporting the required 1sm visibility for SVFR ops. Thus, the new pilot diverts to a nearby village and crashes due to airframe icing. He broke his back and is paralyzed.

The moral of that story is: If you're gonna crash an airplane do so at an airport with CFR and a hospital--regardless of the legality.

Perhaps the secondary lesson is: This was another accident that could've been avoided by simply declaring an emergency and making the SVFR approach anyway.

I admit I digressed but the thread sort of drifted into using our best judgement. I hope it's useful to someone.
 
Avbug,

I am sure we all appreciate you sharing your knowledge with all of us who are not experienced, or not as experienced as you are. I sure do and sometimes I just don’t know where the hell you get all this info from. Like the other thread on the procedure turn. It is OK with me also that you remind us on that experience level gap between you and most of us. But if you don't mind I won't put a cockpit on fire just so I can experience it :) and I also will not kill my engine so I can make a real power off landing. Just kidding.

Anyways about getting down faster. My >>>vote<<< would be that if you compare descent with or without flaps, the result would be that you can get down faster without flaps. You can do a lot more than 2000 fpm if you dive 30 degrees nose down. I always thought flaps are there to slow you down while you descend. But than I am not experienced nor do I have facts to back it up but if I think (try to use common sense) of a plane going nose down 90 degrees, and another nose down 90 degrees with flaps... probably the one with flaps down will "arrive" later.

The original thread started as an "emergency descent" not as an "engine fire" thread although I admit we have always been thought to get it down fast if we have a fire, as long we can't extinguish it. I myself can't think of a single reason why I would want to have the 172RG... ohhh wait!... the mighty PA44 down in a hurry other than mother in law in the right seat :D (not true actually I like my molo... lately) but I guess when we will “move on to better equipment”... like in 10-20 years... then I will figure it out. Until then I just do what the flight school and the FAA wants me to do.
 
Most flaps are designed to allow you to descend at a steeper angle without increasing your airspeed (when fully or most of the way extended). If you want to descend with a relatively high sink rate without redlining (eg landing approach) you should use full flaps, pull the power to idle, and consider a forward slip.

The flaps up, gear up, and Vne method will probably give you a faster sink rate in most planes. You will travel a greater distance forward (descent angle will be shallower) than the full flaps method, but measured in time, you would probably reach the ground faster.
 

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