From D. Lednicer:
The installation error can be as simple as swapping nacelle panels, rather than the entire nacelle. A potentially easy mistake to make on a large shop floor.To quote from Dick Shevell's AIAA paper "Aerodynamic Bugs: Can
CFD Spray Them Away":
"DC-10 wind tunnel tests showed a significant loss in maximum lift coefficient in the flap deflected configurations, with landing slat extension, compared to predictions. This resulted in a stall speed increase of about 5 knots in the approach configuration. The initial wing stall occured behind the nacelles and forward of the inboard ailerons. The problem was traced by flow visualization techniques to the effects of the nacelle wake at high angles of attack and the absence of the slat in the vicinity of the nacelle pylons. The solution was developed in the NASA Ames Research Center 12 ft. pressurized tunnel and turned out to be a pair of strakes mounted forward on each side of the nacelles in planes about 45 degrees above the horizontal. The final strake shape was optimized in flight tests. The strakes are simply large vortex generators. The vortices mix the nacelle boundary layer air with the free stream and reduce the momentum loss in the wake. The vortices then pass just over the upper surface of the wing, continuing this mixing process. The counter-rotating vortices also create a downwash over the wing region unprotected by the slat, further reducing the premature stall. The effect of the strakes is to reduce the required takeoff and landing field lengths by about 6%, a very large effect."
Rumor has it that Douglas has the patent on nacelle strakes, but the patent calls for pairs of strakes (one on each side). Hence, Boeing aircraft only use single nacelle strakes (737-300, -400, -500 and 767-200 and -300). Boeing calls them "nacelle chines".
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